考研英语（一）2012年真题答案

43 A. At B. From C. With D. To

正确答案：C

WebSQL is a SQL-like ___(71)___ language for extracting information from the web. Its capabilities for performing navigation of web ___(72)___ make it a useful tool for automating several web-related tasks that require the systematic processing of either all the links in a ___(73)___ , all the pages that can be reached from a given URL through ___(74)___ that match a pattern, or a combination of both. WebSQL also provides transparent access to index servers that can be queried via the Common ___(75)___ Interface.

(71)A. query B. transaction C. communication D. programming

(72)A. browsers B. servers C. hypertexts D. clients

(73)A. hypertext B. page C. protocol D. operation

(74)A. paths B. chips C. tools D. directories

(75)A. Router B. Device C. Computer D. Gateway

正确答案：A,C,B,A,D

WebSQL is a SQL-like （71） language for extracting information from the web. Its

capabilities for performing navigation of web （72） make it a useful tool for automating

several web-related tasks that require the systematic processing of either all the links in a

（73） , all the pages that can be reached from a given URL through （74） that match a

pattern, or a combination of both. WebSQL also provides transparent access to index servers that

can be queried via the Common （75） Interface.

（71）A. query B. transaction C. communication D. programming

（72）A. browsers B. servers C. hypertexts D. clients

（73）A. hypertext B. page C. protocol D. operation

（74）A. paths B. chips C. tools D. directories

（75）A. Router B. Device C. Computer D. Gateway

正确答案：A,C,B,A,D

_______________

. A. into B. of C. for D. from

正确答案：D

If you want to learn English well, don’t forget intensive reading and _____ reading.

A.extended

B.extensive

C.wide

D.external

正确答案:B

2012年英语（一）试题参考答案Section I Use of English1. B. maintain2. A. when3. B. weakened4. D. accepted5. C. bound6. B. subject7. D. applies8. B. raise9. A. line10. B. as11. A. so12. C. upset13. C. cultivate14. D. tied15. A. concepts16. C. shapes17. A. dismissed18. C. address19. D. accountable20. D. as a resultSection Reading ComprehensionPart AText121.D. a cause of undesirable behaviors.22.B. learn from advertisers experience.23.A. adequately probe social and biological factors.24.C. occurs without our realizing it.25.D. questionable.Text226.C. dishonoring.27.D. get permission to purchase a power plant.28.A. managerial practices.29.D. the limits of states power over nuclear issues.30.A. Entergys business elsewhere might be affected.Text331.A. uncertainty and complexity.32.B. shared efforts.33.B. has been examined by the scientific community.34.D. scientific work calls for a critical mind.35.C. Evolution of Credibility in Doing Science.Text436.C. unions have enlarged their public-sector membership.37.D. Public-sector unions seldom get in trouble for their actions.38.B. indirectly augmented.39.C. may be a barrier to public-sector reforms.40.A. disapproval.Part B41. C. Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day.42. D. This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploadingbetween passive consumption and active creationwhose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.43. A. Of course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.44. F. One reason for the persistence of this pyramid of production is that for the past half-century, much of the worlds media culture has been defined by a single mediumtelevisionand television is defined by downloading.45. G. The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to reverse the flow, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading.Part C46. 在物理学领域，一种作法把这种寻求大同理论的冲动推向极端，试图寻找包含一切的理论一个涵括我们所看到的一切的生成性公式。47. 这里，达尔文学说似乎作出了证明，因为如果人类有着共同的起源，那么似乎就有理由认为文化的多样性也可以追溯到更为有限的起源。48. 从共有特征中滤出独有特征，这使我们得以理解复杂的文化行为是如何产生的，并从进化或认知角度理解什么引导了它的走向。49. 第二次努力由乔舒亚格林堡做出采用更为经验主义的方法来研究语言的普遍性，确定了多种语言(尤其在语法词序方面)的共有特征，这些特征被认为是代表了由认知限制产生的倾向。50. 乔姆斯基的语法应该显示出语言变化的模式，这些模式并不受语言谱系或贯穿谱系路径的影响；而格林堡式的普遍性则预言了特定的语法词序关系类型之间所存在的紧密互依性。Section WritingPart A51. （略）Part B52. （略）

From the text, we learn that Baccarat and Sorrenbourg are the names of _____.

A. towns B. churches C. museums D. mountains

正确答案：A

The teacher together with the students ________ discussing Reading Skills that ________ newly published in America.

A. are ; wereB. is ; were C. are ; was D. is ; was

正确答案：D

Rumor is the most 1 way of spreading stories by passing them on from mouth 2 mouth. But civilized countries in normal times have better 3 of news than rumor. They have radio, television, and newspapers. In times of stress and 4 , 5 , rumor 6 and becomes widespread. At such 7 the different kinds of news are in 8 , the press, television, and radio versus the grapevine. Especially 9 rumors spread when war requires censorship(审查，检查)on many important matters. The customary news sources no longer 10 enough information. Since the people cannot learn 11 legitimate(合法的，正规的)channels all 12 they are anxious to learn, they pick up "news" 13 they can and when this 14 , rumor thrives.

Rumors are often repeated 15 by those who do not believe the tales. There is a fascination about them. The reason is 16 the cleverly designed rumor gives expression to something deep in the hearts of the victims--the fears, suspicions, forbidden hopes, or daydreams which they hesitate to 17 directly. Pessimistic(悲观的)rumors about defeat and disasters show that the people who repeat them are 18 and anxious. 19 rumors about record production or peace soon coming point to complacency(满足，自得)or confidence and often to 20 .

1. A. primitive B. important C. impossible D. outstanding

2. A. till B. to C. for D. by

3. A. means B. ways C. sources D. resource

4. A. confusion B. peace C. prosperity D. worried

5. A. and B. however C. so D. therefore

6. A. emerges B. immerge C. immerse D. immense

7. A. time B. the times C. times D. the time

8. A. compete B. competition C. common D. harmony

9. A. do B. did C. are D. were

10. A. give up B. give off C. give out D. send off

11. A. through B. by C. in D. across

12. A. what B. why C. which D. that

13. A. wherever B. where C. whatever D. what

14. A. happened B. would happen C. happens D. happen

15. A. ever B. even C. forever D. much

16. A. that B. what C. why D. how

17. A. act B. voice C. behave D. do

18. A. happy B. relieved C. crazy D. worried

19. A. Bad B. Pessimistic C. Optimistic D. Good

20. A. overconfidence B. overweight C. overconsiderate D. overproduce

参考答案： ABCAB/ACBAC/ADACB/ABDCA

—______—In My opinion, reading、The teacher really challenges us to work hard.

A、Reading is hard to learn.

B、I dislike reading.

C、Reading is my favorite、How about you?

D、Which do you think is harder to learn, listening or reading?

参考答案：D

governments，media and people around the world have become very worried about something called sudan i ( 苏丹红1号).this chemical dye,_1_ in many food products, was said to _2_ cancer. newspapers told everyone to be careful andgovernments pulled this product off supermarket _3_.sudan i is a red dye used for _4_ oils, waxes, petrol, shoe and floor polishes(上光剂). scientists have found if used infood, it can _5_ an increased risk of cancer.on march 4, beijing’s food safety office said that it found the cancer-causing dye in meiweiyuan chili (红辣椒)sauce inthe city. now the _6_, famous us food company heinz, has recalled its chili sauces and chili oils sold in china.this follows news of food companies, including mcdonald ’s, _7_ some products in britain after finding the dye infrance was the first to _8_ the chemical dye in 2003. since then ，foods _9_ sudan i have been banned in the europeanunion._10_ experts say that people who have eaten any of the products should not _11_ too much. the cancer risk fromsudan i is very _12_，as only tiny amounts of it are used in foods.sudan i was banned from food products because experiments on rats _13_ that it could cause serious tumors (肿瘤).but，alan boobies，an expert in london，says there is little _14_ for the public to worry. he said that the levels fed tothe rats were in much，much bigger amounts _15_their body size. the amounts in food products eaten by humans are _16_.the rats that got tumors were given 30 milligrams of sudan i per kilogram of body weight ，every day for two years.animals given half the amount showed no _17_ of cancer.the tumors only _18_ in the rats after many months. for humans ，this means that if the dye were to have any _19_，it wouldtake around 20 years. professor boobis gives a _20_.”it’s just like the cancer risk linked with smoking just one cigarette in alifetime，”he said.

1. a. stuck b. stored c. found d. offered

2. a. produce b. cause c. make d. give

3. a. shelves b. cases c. storage d. tables

4. a. gluing b. gathering c. coloring d. conducting

5. a. allow for b. adjust to c. call for d. contribute to

6. a. seller b. producer c. customer d. farmer

7. a. breaking up b. putting out c. pulling away d. taking back

8. a. reject b. invent c. notice d. produce

9. a. causing b. including c. containing d. using

10. a. but b. also c. then d. so

11. a. complain b. disagree c. worry d. blame

12. a. high b. low c. common d. rare

13. a. guided b. guaranteed c. rated d. showed

14. a. concern b. reason c. cause d. right

15. a. compared to b. regardless of c. used to d. in spite of

16. a. none b. larger c. tiny d. more

17. a. signals b. marks c. symbols d. signs

18. a. produced b. developed c. made d. created

19. a. effect b. cause c. harm d. change

20. a. connection b. perception c. recognition d. comparison

参考答案：1—5. CBACD 6—10 BDCCA 11—15 CBDBA 16—20 CDBAD

更多 “考研英语（一）2012年真题答案” 相关考题

考题问答题Passage 1　　Literature is a form of art that can be enjoyed without formal instruction. However, people with 1 knowledge of literature may miss a lot 2 reading a novel, short story, poem, play, or 3. These readers are comparable to the 4 at a football game who watch the game and 5 it without really understanding the complex movements 6 on the field. Although they may enjoy the 7, many spectators watch only the ball 8 missing the contribution of other members 9 the total play as well as the intricacies occurring within the 10. A person who understands football 11 better yet has played the game－is more capable12 judging when a team is playing well or 13 and is also likely to enjoy a “good” game more. The 14 is true of reading literature. Most people have read numerous 15 works, but many do not understand or 16 the author’s skill in communicating. This book17 intended to help you learn to 18attentions not on what happens. But on 19 it happens and how the author has 20it－to analyze and evaluate literary works so that you can fully experience and appreciate them.1. A. abundant　　B. informal　　　C. necessary　　D. limited2. A. if　　　　　B. when　　　　　C. by　　　　　 D. upon3. A. fiction　　 B. poetry　　　　C. essay　　　　D. art4. A. audience　　B. spectators　　C. coaches　　　D. players5. A. 1ike　　　　B. appreciate　　C. enjoy　　　　D. evaluate6. A. happened　　B. taken place　 C. going　　　　D. occurring7. A. game　　　　B. scene　　　　 C. work　　　　 D. art8. A. somewhat　　B. entirely　　　C. perhaps　　　D. generally9. A. of　　　　　B. within　　　　C. to　　　　　 D. about10. A. offence　　B. game　　　　　C. defense　　　D. team11. A. but　　　　B. even　　　　　C. and　　　　　D. or12. A. of　　　　 B. to　　　　　　C. in　　　　　 D. for13. A. skillfully B. successfully　C. poorly　　　 D. badly14. A. same　　　 B. reason　　　　C. other　　　　D. sport15. A. athletic　 B. literature　　C. football　　 D. literary16. A. realize　　B. appreciate　　C. like　　　　 D. recognize17. A. will be　　B. hasbeen　　　 C. is　　　　　 D. was18. A. pay　　　　B. call　　　　　C. draw　　　　 D. concentrate19. A. why　　　　B. where　　　　 C. how　　　　　D. when20. A. narrated　 B. presented　　 C. maintained　 D. explained正确答案：1.D 文章首句指出文学是一种不需要正规指导就能欣赏的艺术形式,however表明句意发生转折,前后两部分要比较说明的对象应是一致的。这里的people指的就是那些without formal instruction的人,结合选项,可知空白处应是limited。informal不能修饰knowledge。 2.B 根据主从句逻辑联系,可知该处应选B项,表示“当…时”。by doing sth.“通过做某事”。upon doing sth. 相当于as soon as从句。 3.C 空白处单词和novel, short story, poem, play同属于文学形式。essay散文,随笔。符合语境,本题答案为C项。fiction“小说”,是个广义词,与一部分novel, short story构成包容关系,故排除。poetry“诗”,是个整体概念,而上文中的poem指具体一首诗,poetry与poem也构成包容关系。art“艺术”,意义更为广泛。 4.B spectator“(比赛或热闹事件的)观众”。audience“(演出,演讲等的)听众,观众”。coach“教练”。player“比赛者,表演者”。 5.C 这里是将没有多少文学知识的人与看足球的人进行比较。文章首句的can be enjoyed without formal instruction暗示该处也是enjoy“享受,欣赏”。like“喜欢”。evaluate“评价,评估”。appreciate“鉴别,欣赏”强调理解并欣赏其价值,与文意不符。 6.D 空白处是非谓语动词做定语修饰movements。occur指自然事件或过程的发生,符合该处语境。happen通常指意外事件的发生。realize“实现”。 7.A 根据上下文,这里的they指的是那些看足球比赛的人,故选game,指代football game。 8.B 前面的watch only the ball提示这些观众只看足球却彻底忽视了那些球员。entirely“完全地,彻底地”,最符合该处语境。somewhat“稍微,有点”。perhaps“或许”。generally“一般地”。 9.C make contribution to“为…做贡献”。 10.C 前边的the contribution of other members指的应是进攻方,那么as well as引出就应是相对应的防守方。根据上下文,只有C项最可能。defense“防卫,防卫”。offence“攻击”。 11.D understands football和has played the game是一种并列的选择关系,故用or来表示。better yet“更好的是”已有递进的关系,不能用even。 12.A be capable of doing sth.为固定词组,表示“有能力做某事”。 13.C 由judge和well or判断这里的意思是“不好地”。poorly“拙劣地”,符合该处语境。badly“严重地,非常地”,用于表示程度。 14.A the same is true of“与…情况相同”。 15.D The same is true of reading literature.表明该文重新回到对文学阅读的讨论上。literary“文学的”,literary works“文学作品”。其余选项均不符合语境。 16.B 这里讲得仍是那些文学知识有限的人对文学作品的理解。结合前面的do not understand“不理解”以及各选项可判断,空白处应是recognize“认出,识别;承认”。 17.C sb. intend to do sth.“某人意欲做某事”,用于表现一个人的意图。sth. be intended to do sth.“某物就是用于…”,用于表现使用某物来做某事的意图。描述客观事实,真理,或评论一本书,一幅画等,要用一般现在时态。 18.D concentrate on“集中精力于”。 19.A 既然涉及文学作品的真正理解和欣赏,就不可能把注意力集中在一些具体细节上,而应放在为何及如何上。 20.B present“提出;展现,表现”。narrate“叙述,讲述,讲故事”。真正有文学价值,值得欣赏的文学作品绝不会是一般的讲故事。解析：暂无解析

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考题问答题Passage 2　　Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors: mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make 1 the manufacture of more goods with 2 workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called “the Second 3 Revolution.　　Labor’s concern 4 automation 5 from uncertainty about its effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labor has 6 the view that 7 to technological change is futile. In the long run, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, 8 and repairing automation equipment. Unquestionably, 9 , there will be major shifts in jobs within plants, and displacement of labor from one industry to another. The interest of labor lies in 10 this transition with a 11 of inconvenience and distress 12 workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower cost by automation should be shared by workers in the 13 of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.　　To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the 14 of supplementary unemployment benefits plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in a SUB plan has a direct financial stake in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong 15 for planning new installation so as to cause the least possible disruption in jobs and job assignments. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiting that permanently. 16 -off workers be paid a sum of money based on 17 of service. Another approach is the idea of the “improvement factor”, which calls 18 wage increases based on increased in 19 . It is probable, however, that labor will rely mainly on reduction in working hours in order to gain a full share in the 20 of automation.1. A. possible　　　　B. probable　　　　C. necessary　　　　D. acceptable2. A. few　　　　　　 B. fewer　　　　　 C. many　　　　　　 D. more3. A. Automation　　　B. Industrial　　　C. Industrialized　 D. Industrious4. A. in　　　　　　　B. upon　　　　　　C. over　　　　　　 D. with5. A. rises　　　　　 B. arises　　　　　C. arouses　　　　　D. evokes6. A. taken　　　　　 B. got　　　　　　 C. gained　　　　　 D. used7. A. struggle　　　　B. resistance　　　C. objection　　　　D. unfavor8. A. conserving　　　B. storing　　　　 C. maintaining　　　D. preserving9. A. however　　　　 B. somehow　　　　 C. nevertheless　　 D. conversely10. A. bringing about B. bringing out　　C. reduction　　　　D. limitation12. A. for　　　　　　B. upon　　　　　　C. about　　　　　　D. to13. A. term　　　　　 B. approach　　　　C. access　　　　　 D. from14. A. promotion　　　B. support　　　　 C. decrease　　　　 D. discouragement15. A. encouragement　B. stimulation　　 C. incentive　　　　D. interest16. A. lain　　　　　 B. lay　　　　　　 C. lied　　　　　　 D. laid17. A. span　　　　　 B. term　　　　　　C. length　　　　　 D. period18. A. at　　　　　　 B. on　　　　　　　C. up　　　　　　　 D. for19. A. production　　B. productivity　　C. industry　　　　 D. manufacture20. A. results　　　　B. fruits　　　　　C. consequences　　 D. essence正确答案：1.A necessary“必要的”和acceptable“可接受的,合意的”与the manufacture of more goods“生产更多的商品”的意图不符,排除。选项A、B均有“可能的”意思,其区别在于:probable常指有较大的可能性,表示客观上潜在的可能性,较有根据和充分理由而值得相信的事,意味着经过权衡正反两方面的理由后而相信的事大概会发生的,常译作“很可能”。possible指有可能小,但强调客观上有可能性,且常有可能性较小的暗示。这里仅是指自动化有可能会生产更多的商品,没有一句来推测其可能性大小,因此用possible。 2.B 本句开始即提出 It reduces the human factors“减少了人力因素”,包括体力和脑力,因此这里应是用更少的工人,所以填fewer。 3.B Industrial Revolution为固定用法,表示“工业革命”。automation“自动化”。industrialized“工业化的”。industrious“勤勉的”。 4.C concern over表示“为某事焦急,担忧”。 5.B 本句的意思是:人们对自动化的担忧源于它对雇佣影响的不确定性。arise from“由…引起,起因于…”。rise from“从…升起,由…复活”。arouse from“从…唤醒”。evoke“引起,唤醒”。 6.A take the view表示“持某种观点”。 7.B 选项中单词可与to连用的是resistance和objection。resistance to表示“对…的抵抗”。objection to表示“反对,意义”,一般指口头上。这里的意思是:工人们逐渐意识到抗拒科技变化是无用的。故resistance更合适。struggle与against连用表示“与…作斗争,和…斗争”。unfavor of“不同意,持异议”。 8.C 这里的manufacturing和repairing的对象都是automation equipment“自动化设备”,选项中与之并列的是maintaining“维护,保养”。conserve“保存;使守恒”。preserve“保存;保护”。storage“存储”。 9.A 上文提到,从长远看,自动化会使雇佣增加。这里则又指出:自动化会带来行业间劳动力的转移,即一些行业的雇佣减少,另一些行业的雇佣增加。前后两部分是转折关系,因此用however。 10.A bring about“导致,引起”,表示“劳工的利益在于使这种转变…”。bring out“出版;生产”。bring in“引进;生产;增加”。bring up“提出;教育;养育”。 11.B minimum“最小”。a minimum of表示“最小的”,此处意为:工人的利益在于导致这种转换的发生,并使其建立在最小的不便与压力的基础上。 12.D 表示“对某人来说”用to。 13.D approach与access均和to连用,可首先排除。term应是in terms of,故也排除。本题答案是form“形式”。in the form of表示“以某种形式”,这里指“通过更高工资,更多休闲时间和更好的生活水平来享受…带来的益处”。 14.A 这里指的是为保护自动化时期成员的利益,故句意应是:促进失业附加补助计划。promotion“促进”符合该处语境。 15.C 选项A、B、C都有“刺激,鼓励”的意思,但encouragement和stimulation都表示来自外部的动力,只有incentive是内部动力。这里指的是它本身具有的推动力,因此用incentive。interest“兴趣,爱好”。 16.D laid-off workers为固定用法,表示“下岗职工”。 17.C length“长度”。length of service指的是服务时间的长度。这里的意思是:根据其服务的时间长短支付给下岗职工一笔费用。span指“跨度;范围”。term“术语;学期;期限;条款”。period“时期”。 18.D call for“要求”,这里表示:要求根据…来涨工资。call at“拜访,访问”。call forth“唤起;使产生”。call up“召集;使想起;提出”。 19.B productivity“生产力”。句意:工资的提高建立在生产力提高的基础上。production“成果,产品,作品”。industry“工业,产业”。manufacture“制造,加工;捏造”。 20.B gain a full share表示“完全共享”,因此其后应是自动化带来的好处,fruits“成果,收益”,符合句意。result侧重因某种原因所产生的最终结果。consequence多指随某一事件引起的,必然或自然的不良结果。essence“本质;精华”。解析：暂无解析

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考题 What can we learn from the story?A. Comfort in traveling by train.B. Pleasure of living in the country.C. Reading gives people delight.D. Smiles brighten people up.正确答案：D75.选D。文章主要讲述作者从看到马来西亚人总会在站台上笑对火车里的陌生人挥手后，心情由无聊、乏味变成高兴。可以看出，微笑能让人提起精神。

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考题单选题From this passage, we can learn that _____.A you can read an ebook on a laptop when you travelB you can order an ebook using the Ebook ReaderC the ebooks ordered have to be shipped to youD it takes a lot of trouble reading an ebook正确答案：A解析：细节题。文中第八句话提到，你可以把电子书下载到手提电脑上，外出旅行时随身携带，由此可知，A项正确。B项断章取义，Ebook Reader是一个阅读器，只能用来阅读电子书，不能订阅；文中第十句话提到，如果订阅电子书，不需要等待，也不需要运输，C项与原文第十句话语意矛盾；D项表述有误，电子书能带来方便和快捷，不会造成麻烦。

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考题 The new laws threaten to deprive many people _______ the most elementary freedoms. A. from B. for C. of D. about正确答案：Cdeprive sb of sth：剥夺某人某物。（本解析由学员提供）

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考题 Through reading the students not only learn new language, but also develop their reading skills.（）A对B错对略

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考题 By reading novels and writers’ stories, the girl could ______.A. come to understand the inner structure of writingB. join a fascinating circle of writers somedayC. share with a novelist her likes and dislikesD. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security正确答案：A

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考题 _______________A. on B. from C. during D. about正确答案：A

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考题 Through reading the students not only learn new language, but also develop their reading skills.（）正确答案:正确

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考题判断题Through reading the students not only learn new language, but also develop their reading skills.（）A 对B 错正确答案：对解析：暂无解析

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考研英语（一）2012年真题答案

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